Air Conditioning

Air conditioning is the removal of heat from indoor air for the thermal comfort of inhabitants. In addition to buildings, air conditioning can be used for many types of transportation, including cars, trains, ships, aeroplanes, and other vehicles.

Air conditioning is not a recent development - it was used in Ancient Rome to cool villas and mansions. It is recorded that they did so by using water from an aqueduct which they circulated through the walls of the house. Of course air conditioning systems have advanced since then with significant findings in chemistry and technology. The first large scale electrical system was invented by Willis Haviland Carrier in 1902.

Air conditioning engineers broadly divide air conditioning applications into comfort and process. Comfort applications aim to provide an indoor environment that remains relatively constant in a range preferred by humans despite changes in external weather conditions or in internal heat loads.

This type of air-con makes bigger and deeper buildings more feasible, as they can move away from windows and natural ventilation. It also allows buildings to be built taller as natural ventilation is unsuitable for high buildings, where wind speed becomes excessive and exposure could prove dangerous.

Process applications are more likely to be used in businesses and industry, as they allow a temperature to be maintained so that a process can be carried out, and do not cater for the needs of human comfort. For example in a hospital operating room a process air conditioning system will maintain a low temperature so that open heart surgery can take place in the best environment possible.

In both comfort and process applications, the objective may be to not only control temperature, but also humidity, air quality and air movement from space to space.

New technologies are increasing the energy efficiency of air conditioning systems, so that in the future people will be able to cool down without feeling guilty. In the meantime when using your air conditioning you should ensure that it is running smoothly and that you have adequate insulation.

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